There are two elements about SCAMMING, i.e. electronic fraud or cybercrime: before and after.
Before being scammed
To protect against any scam, you need just the usual protections: Anti Virus Software, Firewall and a special tool which I call „caution“.
Also, you should have notes about any and all companies, banks, institutions etc. which are business partners or which are connected to you. Same goes for doctors and therapists.
If you are conscious about this problem in any way, you are usually already quite well protected.
Many scams rely on your reluctance to contact a lawyer. It is important to understand that if you pay small three-figure sums in order to avoid seeing your lawyer for a first consultation – costs are usually in the same range – then you will get added to a list of „people who pay in order to avoid asking a lawyer“ and you will be victimized over and over. So, it might be a good idea to ask a lawyer early.
After being scammed
If you HAVE been scammed, please do not be ashamed. Many politicians, actors and financiers are in this very same club. It is much more shameful NOT to admit, since being silent means helping the criminals.
If money is involved and you´ve been defrauded, you should go to the police. If you are worried that you might be blackmailed in future, go see your lawyer.
After ANY cyber attack – if your computer, mailbox or smartphone have been infiltrated or infected – you should save all your data and THEN check it for computer viruses. You should change ALL your passwords, tell your bank and in severe cases it might be a good idea to change your identity card, bank card and credit card.
The best protection is not to fall for scams – see above.
To get information about tech security, you might also see agency strohm.IT, Weingarten or their project „mikonet„, where you´ll find information about free advice.